23-11-1981: CIA AS Bentuk Kelompok Gerilya Contras untuk Kudeta di Nikaragua


 Presiden Amerika Serikat Ronald Reagan, pada 23 November 1981, tanda-tangani dokumen rahasia, National Security Decision Directive 17 (NSDD-17), yang memberikan Central Intelligence Agen kuasa untuk mengambil dan memberikan dukungan 500 orang pemberontak Nikaragua untuk bertindak rahasia menantang pemerintahan sayap kiri Sandinista di negara Amerika tengah itu.

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Bujet senilai US$ 19 juta diputuskan untuk mendanai barisan kup itu, begitu seperti diambil dari History, Senin (23/11/2020).


NSDD-17 mengidentifikasi awalnya dari suport sah AS ke barisan yang disebutkan Contras dalam perjuangan mereka menantang Sandinista. Keputusan itu diambil beberapa waktu sesudah Presiden Reagan arahkan CIA untuk meningkatkan gagasan untuk hentikan apa yang dipercaya pemerintahannya selaku saluran serius senjata dari Nikaragua ke pemberontak di tetangga El Salvador.


Pemerintahan AS yakin jika pemerintahan Sandinista adalah boneka Uni Soviet, seteru khusus AS pada kondisi Perang Dingin waktu itu.


Petinggi CIA selanjutnya mengendalikan mengenai memperoleh janji dari Honduras untuk menyiapkan pangkalan training dan Argentina untuk memberi training ke seputar 1.000 pemberontak (ini bisa menjadi tambahan dari pasukan 500 orang yang dilatih dan disuplai oleh CIA).


Di luar arah awalnya hentikan saluran senjata dari Nikaragua, pekerjaan beberapa pemberontak diperlebar untuk meliputi visi mata-mata serta perlakuan paramiliter dalam Nikaragua. Informasi mengenai instruksi itu bocor ke jurnalis pada Maret 1982, tapi petinggi pemerintah Reagan secara cepat menyepelekan perlakuan itu selaku wujud plausible deniability.


Mereka berpendapat jika gagasan CIA direncanakan untuk memberikan dukungan "moderat" Nikaragua yang melawan pemerintahan Sandinista, bukan bekas tentara dan sekutu Anastasio Somoza, yang sudah digulingkan oleh Sandinista pada 1979.


Wakil Direktur CIA Laksamana AL AS Bobby R. Inman memiliki pendapat jika peruntukan US$ 19 juta memberi sedikit daya membeli untuk senjata dan bahan yang lain, dengan menjelaskan jika "Sembilan belas juta atau $ 29 juta tidak membelikan Anda banyak tipe ini hari, dan sudah pasti tidak menantang kemampuan militer seperti itu."


Dengan Ketentuan Presiden (Perpres) Nomor 73 Tahun 2020, Tubuh Intelijen Negara (BIN) sekarang langsung ada di bawah Presiden. Bila BIN di bawah Presiden, bagaimana dengan instansi intelijen beberapa negara yang lain?


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